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International Journal of Creative and Open Research in Engineering and Management

A Peer-Reviewed, Open-Access International Journal Supporting Multidisciplinary Research, Digital Publishing Standards, DOI Registration, and Academic Indexing.
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ISSN: 3108-1754 (Online)
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ISO Certification: 9001:2015
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License: CC BY 4.0
Peer Review: Double Blind
Volume 02, Issue 03

Published on: March 2026 2026

STABILIZATION OF EXPANSIVE CLAY USING CALCIUM LIGNOSULFONATE FOR SUBGRADE APPLICATION

G Sankararao K Nageswararao G Venkateswara rao G Sathish

Department of Civil Engineering Sesahdri Rao Gudlavalleru Engineering College Gudlavalleru India
DOI:https://doi.org/10.55041/ijcope.v2i3.210

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Abstract

The expansive clay soils like black cotton soil are very difficult in civil engineering because of high plasticity and swelling capacity as well as low bearing capacity. To enhance the engineering characteristics of these problematic soils, soil stabilization is normally embraced. An experimental study was conducted in the current research to determine the impact of calcium lignosulfonate on strength properties of clayey soil. The black cotton soil was sprayed with different percentages of calcium lignosulfonate in 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 percent of weight of dry soil. The laboratory tests involved Atterberg limits, compaction properties, and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) tests to determine the enhancement of the soil properties. It was found that there was a visible decrease in plasticity and an increase in the compaction properties after the presence of the stabilizing agent was added. CBR values were found to rise sharply with the chemical content to reach an optimum dosage of 4, than the change was minimal. The greatest value of CBR occurred at 4% calcium lignosulfonate, which shows that the stabilized soil had a high load-bearing capacity. It can be concluded that calcium lignosulfonate may be a good eco-friendly stabilizing agent to enhance the strength properties of clayey soils turning them into appropriate pavement subgrade materials.

How to Cite this Paper

Sankararao, G., Nageswararao, K., rao, G. V. & Sathish, G. (2026). Stabilization of Expansive Clay Using Calcium Lignosulfonate for Subgrade Application. International Journal of Creative and Open Research in Engineering and Management, <i>02</i>(03). https://doi.org/10.55041/ijcope.v2i3.210

Sankararao, G, et al.. "Stabilization of Expansive Clay Using Calcium Lignosulfonate for Subgrade Application." International Journal of Creative and Open Research in Engineering and Management, vol. 02, no. 03, 2026, pp. . doi:https://doi.org/10.55041/ijcope.v2i3.210.

Sankararao, G,K Nageswararao,G rao, and G Sathish. "Stabilization of Expansive Clay Using Calcium Lignosulfonate for Subgrade Application." International Journal of Creative and Open Research in Engineering and Management 02, no. 03 (2026). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55041/ijcope.v2i3.210.

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References


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  • •Published on: Mar 30 2026
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