Digital services have become integral to everyday life; however, elderly and low-literacy users continue to face sig-nificant barriers in accessing and understanding modern mobile interfaces. Prior research has independently explored Optical Character Recognition (OCR), machine translation for low-resource languages, speech-based interaction, and accessibility-oriented user interface design. Despite notable advancements, existing solutions largely remain application-specific, document-centric, or require explicit user actions, limiting their effective-ness in dynamic mobile environments [1], [2].

This paper presents a comprehensive literature survey and comparative analysis of enabling technologies relevant to accessibility-driven digital assistants. Based on identified research gaps, the paper conceptually proposes Oru Koottu, a floating user interface-based digital assistant designed to function as a persistent, system-level accessibility layer.The proposed frame-work integrates on-screen content capture, OCR-based text extraction, contextual translation, text simplification, Malayalam voice output, speech-driven input assistance, intent-aware content classification, malicious link detection, and guided accessibility interaction to support elderly and low-literacy users without disrupting their interaction flow.

By synthesizing insights across multiple research domains, this survey highlights the need for unified, real-time assistive systems that operate across applications. The findings establish a struc-tured foundation for future research on integrated accessibility solutions aimed at bridging the digital divide and promoting inclusive access to digital services.

Index Terms—Floating user interface, optical character recog-nition, text simplification, machine translation, speech-to-text, digital accessibility