Published on: April 2026
A HYBRID GRAPH NEURAL NETWORK AND MACHINE LEARNING APPROACH FOR FINANCIAL FRAUD DETECTION
Pandi Sindhu Priya
K Naresh
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Abstract
The swift expansion of digital transactions has made financial fraud detection more crucial. Due to their incapacity to capture links between transactions, traditional machine learning models frequently fail to identify intricate and dynamic fraud patterns. Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) and traditional machine learning methods like Random Forest, Logistic Regression, and XGBoost are used in this paper to create a hybrid fraud detection system. By modeling transaction data as a graph with nodes representing entities and edges representing links between them, the suggested method enables the system to identify structural patterns and hidden dependencies. To improve detection performance, sophisticated GNN architectures such as Graph Convolutional Networks, Graph Attention Networks, and GraphSAGE are employed. According to experimental findings, graph-based techniques greatly increase the accuracy of fraud detection when compared to conventional methods. To enable real-time prediction and analysis, a Flask-based web application is used to further deploy the system. This study shows how well relational learning and feature-based models work together to detect fraud.
How to Cite this Paper
Priya, P. S. (2026). A Hybrid Graph Neural Network and Machine Learning Approach for Financial Fraud Detection. International Journal of Creative and Open Research in Engineering and Management, <i>02</i>(04). https://doi.org/10.55041/ijcope.v2i4.066
Priya, Pandi. "A Hybrid Graph Neural Network and Machine Learning Approach for Financial Fraud Detection." International Journal of Creative and Open Research in Engineering and Management, vol. 02, no. 04, 2026, pp. . doi:https://doi.org/10.55041/ijcope.v2i4.066.
Priya, Pandi. "A Hybrid Graph Neural Network and Machine Learning Approach for Financial Fraud Detection." International Journal of Creative and Open Research in Engineering and Management 02, no. 04 (2026). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55041/ijcope.v2i4.066.
References
[1] S. A. Pushkala, "Identification of Financial Fraud Using Graph Neural Network and LSTM with Autoencoder-Based Data Refinement," Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 198–213, 2026.[2] R. Huang, "FinGuard-GNN: Dynamic Graph Neural Network Framework for Financial Fraud Detection," Frontiers in Business, Economics, and Management, 2025.
[3] S. Lu, "Graph Neural Network Model in Financial Fraud Detection," IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Computing and Robotics (ICICR) Proceedings, 2025, pp. 998–1002.
[4] Y. Varma, "Graph Neural Networks for Real-Time Fraud Detection in Financial Services," Journal of Intelligent Systems and Pattern Recognition, 2024.
[5] CaT-GNN: Improving Credit Card Fraud Detection using Causal Temporal Graph Neural Networks, Y. Duan, G. Zhang, S. Wang, et al., arXiv preprint arXiv:2402.14708, 2024.
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- •Published on: Apr 06 2026
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