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International Journal of Creative and Open Research in Engineering and Management

A Peer-Reviewed, Open-Access International Journal Supporting Multidisciplinary Research, Digital Publishing Standards, DOI Registration, and Academic Indexing.
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ISSN: 3108-1754 (Online)
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ISO Certification: 9001:2015
Publication Fee: 599/- INR
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License: CC BY 4.0
Peer Review: Double Blind
Volume 02, Issue 03

Published on: March 2026 2026

ANTIBACTERIAL POTENTIALS OF OLEA EUROPAEA LEAVES EXTRACT: A SOLUTION TO ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

Ismail Hamidu

Ibrahim Muhammad

Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry Faculty of Science Sokoto State University Along Birnin Kebbi Road P.M.B 2134 Sokoto Nigeria
DOI:https://doi.org/10.55041/ijcope.v2i3.186

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Abstract

This research focused on the phytochemical screening and antibacterial analysis of the ethanolic extract of Olea europaea leaves. The plant material was collected within Sokoto metropolis, authenticated, dried, pulverized, and subjected to ethanolic extraction. Phytochemical screening was carried out using standard methods to identify the bioactive constituents, while the antibacterial activity of the extract was determined against selected pathogenic organisms such as Staphylococcus aureus (gram +v), Staphylococcus epidermidis (gram +v), Salmonella typhi (gram -v), and Shigella (gram –v),  using the agar well diffusion method. Ceftriaxone served as the standard antibiotic for comparison. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, cardiac glycosides, proteins, and carbohydrates but anthraquinones were absent in varying intensities. The antibacterial test showed that the extract inhibited the growth of the test organisms at different concentrations, with zones of inhibition ranging between 0.25-3.20 mm.The MIC and MBC values indicated bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects at 75mg/mL for S-epidermidis, for S-typhin, S-aureus and Shigella, 25mg/mL. This results further confirmed that the extract possesses potentials for new antibiotics development.

How to Cite this Paper

Hamidu, I. (2026). Antibacterial Potentials of Olea europaea Leaves Extract: A Solution to Antimicrobial Resistance. International Journal of Creative and Open Research in Engineering and Management, <i>02</i>(03). https://doi.org/10.55041/ijcope.v2i3.186

Hamidu, Ismail. "Antibacterial Potentials of Olea europaea Leaves Extract: A Solution to Antimicrobial Resistance." International Journal of Creative and Open Research in Engineering and Management, vol. 02, no. 03, 2026, pp. . doi:https://doi.org/10.55041/ijcope.v2i3.186.

Hamidu, Ismail. "Antibacterial Potentials of Olea europaea Leaves Extract: A Solution to Antimicrobial Resistance." International Journal of Creative and Open Research in Engineering and Management 02, no. 03 (2026). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55041/ijcope.v2i3.186.

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  • •Peer Review Type: Double-Blind Peer Review
  • •Published on: Mar 29 2026
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