IJCOPE Journal

UGC Logo DOI / ISO Logo

International Journal of Creative and Open Research in Engineering and Management

A Peer-Reviewed, Open-Access International Journal Supporting Multidisciplinary Research, Digital Publishing Standards, DOI Registration, and Academic Indexing.
Journal Information
ISSN: 3108-1754 (Online)
Crossref DOI: Available
ISO Certification: 9001:2015
Publication Fee: 599/- INR
Compliance: UGC Journal Norms
License: CC BY 4.0
Peer Review: Double Blind
Volume 02, Issue 05

Published on: May 2026

DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF AN INTELLIGENT AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATOR USING THE SINE-GENERALIZED HYBRID OPTIMIZATION OPERATOR

Divyansh Singh

Kuldeep Kumar Swarnkar

Department of Electrical Engineering Madhav Institute of Technology & Science Gwalior Madhya Pradesh India
DOI:https://doi.org/10.55041/ijcope.v2i5.491

Article Status

Plagiarism Passed Peer Reviewed Open Access

Available Documents

Download PDF Review Report

Abstract

This paper presents a simulation-based approach for tuning automatic voltage regulator (AVR) controllers using a Sine-Generalized Hybrid Optimization Operator (SGHOO). The AVR benchmark plant is modeled by first-order amplifier, exciter, generator, and sensor blocks, and PI, PD, PID, and FOPID controllers are optimized in Python. SGHOO combines the exploration behavior of the Sine Cosine Algorithm with a generalized-normal local search step so that the search can move across the parameter space and then refine promising regions. A weighted fitness function based on rise time, settling time, overshoot, steady-state error, IAE, ITAE, ISE, and ISTE is minimized for each controller. The simulation results show stable closed-loop responses, with the PID controller giving the best overall compromise between speed and error. Compared with the SCA and GNDO baselines, SGHOO improves convergence quality and provides a practical framework for AVR voltage regulation.

Keywords— Automatic voltage regulator, SGHOO, Hybrid metaheuristic optimization, Sine Cosine Algorithm, Generalized Normal Distribution Optimization, PID controller, FOPID controller.

How to Cite this Paper

Singh, D. (2026). Design and Optimization of an Intelligent Automatic Voltage Regulator Using the Sine-Generalized Hybrid Optimization Operator. International Journal of Creative and Open Research in Engineering and Management, <i>02</i>(05). https://doi.org/10.55041/ijcope.v2i5.491

Singh, Divyansh. "Design and Optimization of an Intelligent Automatic Voltage Regulator Using the Sine-Generalized Hybrid Optimization Operator." International Journal of Creative and Open Research in Engineering and Management, vol. 02, no. 05, 2026, pp. . doi:https://doi.org/10.55041/ijcope.v2i5.491.

Singh, Divyansh. "Design and Optimization of an Intelligent Automatic Voltage Regulator Using the Sine-Generalized Hybrid Optimization Operator." International Journal of Creative and Open Research in Engineering and Management 02, no. 05 (2026). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55041/ijcope.v2i5.491.

Search & Index

Google Scholar Crossref DOI ResearchGate

References


  1. Panda and N. P. Padhy, “Design Optimization of PID Controller in Automatic Voltage Regulator System Using Taguchi Combined Genetic Algorithm Method,” IEEE Systems Journal, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 825–831, 2013.

  2. A. Nowdeh, M. G. Monfared, M. J. H. Moghaddam, and M. Bigdeli, “Design optimisation of PID controller in automatic voltage regulator system using teaching-learning based optimisation algorithm,” International Journal of Power and Energy Conversion, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 377–393, 2016.

  3. Soliman, M. Abdel-Rahman, and M. Badr, “Optimal FOPID/PID controller parameters tuning for the AVR system based on sine–cosine algorithm,” Evolutionary Intelligence, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 145–160, 2019.

  4. K. Bokam, N. Patnana, T. Varshney, and V. P. Singh, “Sine Cosine Algorithm Assisted FOPID Controller Design for Interval Systems Using Reduced-Order Modeling Ensuring Stability,” Algorithms, vol. 13, no. 12, p. 317, 2020.

  5. Micev, M. Ćalasan, and D. Oliva, “Fractional Order PID Controller Design for an AVR System Using Chaotic Yellow Saddle Goatfish Algorithm,” Mathematics, vol. 8, no. 7, p. 1182, 2020.

  6. Agwa, S. Elsayed, and M. Ahmed, “Design of Optimal Controllers for Automatic Voltage Regulation Using Archimedes Optimizer,” Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 1–12, 2022.

  7. Altınkaya and D. Ekmekci, “Tuning of PID Controller in PLC-Based Automatic Voltage Regulator System Using Adaptive Artificial Bee Colony–Fuzzy Logic Algorithm,” Electronics, vol. 13, no. 24, p. 5039, 2024.

  8. Alghamdi et al., “Optimal PID Controllers for AVR Systems Using Hybrid Simulated Annealing and Gorilla Troops Optimization,” Fractal and Fractional, vol. 6, no. 11, p. 682, 2022.

  9. K. Ali, “An optimal design for an automatic voltage regulation system using a multivariable PID controller based on hybrid simulated annealing–white shark optimization,” Scientific Reports, vol. 14, p. 30218, 2024.

  10. Zhou, J. Zhang, X. Yang, and Y. Ling, “Optimization of PID Controller Based on Water Wave Optimization for an Automatic Voltage Regulator System,” Journal of Information Technology and Control, vol. 48, no. 1, pp. 160–171, 2019.

Ethical Compliance & Review Process

  • •All submissions are screened under plagiarism detection.
  • •Review follows editorial policy.
  • •Authors retain copyright.
  • •Peer Review Type: Double-Blind Peer Review
  • •Published on: May 16 2026
CCBYNC

This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. You are free to share and adapt this work for non-commercial purposes with proper attribution.

View License
Back to Volume 02, Issue 05View All Issues Next Article

← Previous Article

Design and Optimization of Agricultural Machinery Autonomous Control System Integrating TRIZ Method and Internet of Things Technology

Next Article →

Design and Prototyping of a Low-Cost, Automated Water Quality Analysis and Reporting System for Rural and Urban Water Sources
Scroll to Top