The household appliance used by the majority of people around the globe, which consumes a great amount of energy from the world's electric power grid, is the refrigeration system. Decreasing energy use, operational cost, and the environmental impact due to greenhouse gas emissions can only be achieved through the optimization of the energy efficiency of household refrigerators. In this study, a number of methods are evaluated for optimizing the energy efficiency of household refrigerators, including the use of more insulation material, environmentally friendly refrigerants, compressor improvement, advanced control systems, and enhanced heat transfer mechanism. Insulation materials that undergo phase changes, variable speed compressors, and improved refrigerant control could also reduce energy consumption, as indicated by comparison studies. The research found that the efficiency of refrigerators could be raised by 15% to 35%, provided the right alterations were made to the system without compromising on the cooling effect.

Keywords: Domestic refrigerator, Energy efficiency, Refrigeration system, Compressor optimization, Eco-friendly refrigerants, COP, Energy conservation.