Published on: May 2026
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF LIGHT DEPENDENT RESISTOR (LDR) & ITS APPLICATION IN ENERGY EFFICIENT AUTOMATION
Vivek Kristi Swami
Dr. Manoj Kumar Mittal
Article Status
Available Documents
Abstract
Experimental evaluations demonstrate that integrating LDR-driven adaptive threshold and pulse width modulation dimming loops into public grids reduces municipal energy wastage by up to 60%. Furthermore, applying differential quad-sensor tracking arrays to photovoltaic installations optimizes the solar angle of incidence, expanding daily clean energy extraction yields by 40% to 55% compared to conventional fixed configurations. Although technical challenges such as physical material latency, hysteresis memory effects, and RoHS heavy-metal restrictions regarding Cadmium Sulfide (CdS) usage exist, they can be reliably bypassed through software debouncing and ongoing developments in organic photoconductors. Ultimately, this project synthesizes physical characterization data with architectural performance metrics to confirm that the low-cost, ultra-low-power, non-polarized profile of the LDR makes it an essential engineering component for global net-zero initiatives and smart city grids.
Keywords: Light Dependent Resistor (LDR), Photoconductivity, Bulk effect semiconductor, Electron-hole pair generation, Dark resistance, Resistance-Illumination (R-L) characteristic, Power-law relationship, Sensitivity slope, Rise time and decay time, Latency / Latency recovery rate, Memory effect (Hysteresis), Software debouncing algorithm, Energy-efficient automation, Smart Street Lighting Systems (SSLS), Dual-axis solar tracking arrays, Cosine Law of Irradiation optimization, Daylight harvesting, Constant Lux maintenance, Automated fenestration control (Motorized shading), Safety interlock etc.
How to Cite this Paper
Vivek, & Swami, K. (2026). Experimental Study of Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) & Its Application in Energy Efficient Automation. International Journal of Creative and Open Research in Engineering and Management, <i>02</i>(05). https://doi.org/10.55041/ijcope.v2i5.687
Vivek, , and Kristi Swami. "Experimental Study of Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) & Its Application in Energy Efficient Automation." International Journal of Creative and Open Research in Engineering and Management, vol. 02, no. 05, 2026, pp. . doi:https://doi.org/10.55041/ijcope.v2i5.687.
Vivek, , and Kristi Swami. "Experimental Study of Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) & Its Application in Energy Efficient Automation." International Journal of Creative and Open Research in Engineering and Management 02, no. 05 (2026). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55041/ijcope.v2i5.687.
Search & Index
References
- Elwi, T. A., et al. (2024). On the Performance of a Photonic Reconfigurable Electromagnetic Band Gap Antenna Array for 5G Applications. IEEE Access, 12, 60849–60862. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2024.3392368
- Fahmi, A. (2026). IoT-Enabled Smart Street Lighting: A Bibliometric-Driven Review of Energy-Efficient Architectures and Environmental Integration. org.
- Hassan, S. (2025). Toward low-carbon energy transitions: integrated optimization of solar panel output and safety using tracking and thermal management. Clean Energy and Sustainability.
- Kolla, R. (2026). Design and deployment of a comprehensive vehicle security system with automatic headlight control. EPJ Web of Conferences, 367, 02002.
- Priyadarshini, M. S. (2026). Energy-Efficient IoT-Enabled Smart Street Lighting System with Master-Slave Node Architecture. E3S Web of Conferences, 692, 05002.
- Román-Raya, J., et al. (2020). Light-Dependent Resistors as Dosimetric Sensors in Radiotherapy. Sensors, 20(6), 1568. https://doi.org/10.3390/s20061568
- Susilawati, A., et al. (2024). Light Intensity Distribution in the Room Using Light Dependent Resistor: Through the Engineering Design Process. Indonesian Journal of Science and Technology, 9(3), 679–708. https://doi.org/10.17509/ijost.v9i3.74410
- Sujatha, M., & Malliga, L. (2017). "Automated Street Light Control System using LDR and PIR Sensor." International Journal of Computer Applications. This paper explores the "Dual-Sensing" approach (light + motion) common in Indian smart city pilots.
- Abhishek, K., & Jha, A. K. (2016). "IoT Based Smart Street Light System for Smart City, and Using LDR and IR Sensors." Journal of Network Communications and Emerging Technologies (JNCET). A key study on integrating LDRs into the broader IoT framework in the Indian context.
- Sharathkumar, S. J., et al. (2015). "Design and Construction of Arduino-Based Solar Tracker." International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology (IJRET). An Indian-led study on how LDR differential sensing improves PV efficiency in high-irradiance regions like Rajasthan.
Ethical Compliance & Review Process
- •All submissions are screened under plagiarism detection.
- •Review follows editorial policy.
- •Authors retain copyright.
- •Peer Review Type: Double-Blind Peer Review
- •Published on: May 27 2026
This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. You are free to share and adapt this work for non-commercial purposes with proper attribution.