Currency notes and coins are among the most frequently exchanged objects in daily life and can serve as potential carriers of pathogenic microorganisms. The present study was conducted to investigate the microbial contamination associated with Indian currency notes and coins collected from different public locations, including vegetable markets, grocery shops, milk parlours, and public bus conductors. A total of thirty-two currency samples were collected and analyzed using standard microbiological techniques. The samples were cultured on nutrient agar media and incubated under suitable laboratory conditions to observe microbial growth. The results revealed that all currency samples were contaminated with microorganisms, indicating widespread microbial presence on circulating money. Currency notes showed a comparatively higher microbial load than coins due to their porous surface and frequent handling. The highest contamination was observed on ₹10 and ₹20 notes collected from vegetable markets and public transport sources. Morphological, microscopic, and biochemical characterization identified several bacterial and fungal isolates. The major bacterial species included Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus spp., while fungal isolates mainly belonged to Aspergillus and Penicillium species. The study highlights the role of currency as a potential source of microbial transmission and emphasizes the importance of proper hand hygiene and safe currency-handling practices. Public awareness regarding the health risks associated with contaminated currency can help reduce the spread of infectious microorganisms.

Keywords: Currency notes, Coins, Microbial contamination, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Public health, Hygiene.