Published on: October 2026
POLYMERIC NANOPARTICLE-BASED PULMONARY DELIVERY OF ISONIAZID: ADVANCES IN FORMULATION DESIGN, CONTROLLED RELEASE, AND TUBERCULOSIS THERAPY
Manish Maurya Deepak Kumar Singh
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Abstract
Objective: This review examines whether biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles delivered directly to the lung can improve the therapeutic index of isoniazid, and sets out what the formulation, aerosol and preclinical evidence actually supports.
Methods: Published work on pulmonary barriers, isoniazid pharmacology, polymer selection, nanoparticle fabrication, aerosol engineering, controlled release, characterization and preclinical testing was surveyed from PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Google Scholar, then synthesized into comparative tables.
Key Findings: PLGA, PLA, chitosan, alginate, gelatin and albumin have all been used to encapsulate isoniazid, though its high water solubility keeps encapsulation efficiency low in hydrophobic polyesters and pushes formulators toward polyelectrolyte systems or modified emulsion methods. Nanoparticles alone aerosolize poorly; nanoparticle-in-microparticle powders solve the aerodynamic problem while preserving nanoscale behaviour after deposition. Animal studies report prolonged lung and plasma drug levels and reduced dosing frequency, but most used drug combinations rather than isoniazid alone, and none has reached clinical trial.
Conclusion: Inhaled polymeric isoniazid nanoparticles are pharmaceutically feasible and preclinically promising. Translation now depends on raising drug loading, controlling burst release, proving aerosol and storage stability, and generating long-term pulmonary safety data.
Keywords: Isoniazid; Tuberculosis; Polymeric nanoparticles; Pulmonary drug delivery; PLGA; Chitosan; Dry powder inhaler; Alveolar macrophages; Controlled release
How to Cite this Paper
Maurya, M. & Singh, D. K. (2026). Polymeric Nanoparticle-Based Pulmonary Delivery of Isoniazid: Advances in Formulation Design, Controlled Release, and Tuberculosis Therapy. International Journal of Creative and Open Research in Engineering and Management, <i>02</i>(10), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijcope.v2i10.118
Maurya, Manish, and Deepak Singh. "Polymeric Nanoparticle-Based Pulmonary Delivery of Isoniazid: Advances in Formulation Design, Controlled Release, and Tuberculosis Therapy." International Journal of Creative and Open Research in Engineering and Management, vol. 02, no. 10, 2026, pp. 1-9. doi:https://doi.org/10.55041/ijcope.v2i10.118.
Maurya, Manish, and Deepak Singh. "Polymeric Nanoparticle-Based Pulmonary Delivery of Isoniazid: Advances in Formulation Design, Controlled Release, and Tuberculosis Therapy." International Journal of Creative and Open Research in Engineering and Management 02, no. 10 (2026): 1-9. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55041/ijcope.v2i10.118.
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