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International Journal of Creative and Open Research in Engineering and Management

A Peer-Reviewed, Open-Access International Journal Supporting Multidisciplinary Research, Digital Publishing Standards, DOI Registration, and Academic Indexing.
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ISSN: 3108-1754 (Online)
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Peer Review: Double Blind
Volume 02, Issue 8

Published on: August 2026

DETECTION AND MANAGEMENT OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY

A. VAISHNAVI Deepika P Pooja S

Department of IT & Cognitive Systems,

Sri Krishna Arts and Science College, Coimbatore

Article Status

Plagiarism Passed Peer Reviewed Open Access

Available Documents

Abstract

Diabetic retinopathy is a major eye-related complication caused by long-standing diabetes and mainly affects the retinal vascular system. It is recognized as one of the primary causes of preventable visual impairment worldwide. Early detection and proper medical intervention are crucial to avoid permanent vision damage; however, many individuals remain undiagnosed due to limited awareness and restricted access to specialized eye care. This paper presents a comprehensive review of diabetic retinopathy, focusing on its clinical symptoms, stages of disease development, and the influence of diabetes on retinal blood vessels. It also examines the growing role of artificial intelligence in early screening, explains the working principles of AI-driven diagnostic systems, and discusses the contribution of wearable devices and digital health solutions.

Advanced diagnostic approaches such as optical coherence tomography and laser-based treatment methods are analyzed, along with the difficulties faced in rural healthcare environments. Ethical considerations related to the use of artificial intelligence in medical imaging are also explored. Finally, the study suggests practical, technology-oriented strategies to improve the prevention, detection, and management of diabetic retinopathy.

 

Keywords: diabetic retinopathy, artificial intelligence, retinal imaging, optical coherence tomography, digital health.

How to Cite this Paper

VAISHNAVI, A., P, D. & S, P. (2026). Detection and Management of Diabetic Retinopathy. International Journal of Creative and Open Research in Engineering and Management, <i>02</i>(8), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijcope.v2i8.008

VAISHNAVI, A., et al.. "Detection and Management of Diabetic Retinopathy." International Journal of Creative and Open Research in Engineering and Management, vol. 02, no. 8, 2026, pp. 1-9. doi:https://doi.org/10.55041/ijcope.v2i8.008.

VAISHNAVI, A.,Deepika P, and Pooja S. "Detection and Management of Diabetic Retinopathy." International Journal of Creative and Open Research in Engineering and Management 02, no. 8 (2026): 1-9. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.55041/ijcope.v2i8.008.

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References

[1] American Diabetes Association, “Diabetic Retinopathy,” Diabetes Care, vol. 43, no. 1, pp. S135–S151, 2020.

[2] G. Gulshan et al., “Development and validation of a deep learning algorithm for detection of diabetic retinopathy,” JAMA, vol. 316, no. 22, pp. 2402–2410, 2016.

[3] World Health Organization, Global Report on Diabetes, WHO Press, Geneva, 2016.

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[7] D. S. W. Ting et al., “Artificial intelligence and deep learning in ophthalmology,” British Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 103, no. 2, pp. 167–175, 2019.

[8] J. G. Fujimoto et al., “Optical coherence tomography: An emerging technology for biomedical imaging,” Nature Medicine, vol. 1, no. 9, pp. 970–972, 1995.

[9] Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group, “Photocoagulation for diabetic macular edema,” Archives of Ophthalmology, vol. 103, no. 12, pp. 1796–1806, 1985.

[10] R. K. Thomas et al., “Challenges in delivering eye care in rural India,” Community Eye Health Journal, vol. 31, no. 102, pp. 45–47, 2018.

[11] European Commission, Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI, Brussels, 2019.

Ethical Compliance & Review Process

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  • Peer Review Type: Double-Blind Peer Review
  • Published on: Aug 05 2026
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