The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is transforming higher education, workplaces, and career pathways. Rather than replacing human roles, AI is increasingly functioning as a collaborative partner that enhances decision-making, creativity, and productivity. This paper explores the role of human–AI collaboration in preparing students for modern careers and examines how higher education institutions can nurture future-ready skills in an AI-driven environment. Using a conceptual and systematic literature review approach, the study synthesizes existing literature on human–AI collaboration across education and the workplace to identify key skill requirements, opportunities, and challenges. The paper highlights the growing importance of technical competence, critical thinking, ethical awareness, adaptability, and collaborative skills in ensuring employability. It also discusses the role of academia–industry collaboration, project-based learning, and data-driven decision-making in bridging skill gaps. Furthermore, ethical concerns such as bias, transparency, and responsible AI usage are examined to emphasize the need for value-based education alongside technological advancement. The findings suggest that effective integration of AI in higher education, when guided by human-centered principles, can significantly enhance career readiness and lifelong learning. The paper concludes by recommending curriculum redesign, continuous skill development, and policy support to strengthen human–AI collaboration for sustainable and future-ready careers.