The rapid advancement of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies has enabled the development of intelligent energy management systems for efficient monitoring and control of electricity consumption. This paper presents the design and implementation of an IoT-based smart energy meter using the ESP32 microcontroller integrated with voltage and current sensing modules for real-time power measurement. The system enables continuous data acquisition and transmits consumption data to a cloud-based platform such as Blynk, allowing users to monitor energy usage remotely through mobile or web interfaces. A key feature of the proposed system is Threshold-Based Cost Management, which detects when energy consumption exceeds predefined limits (e.g., 100 units) and provides timely alerts to users. This proactive notification system helps consumers regulate their electricity usage and avoid excessive billing. The proposed solution offers a cost-effective, scalable, and user-friendly approach to modern energy monitoring, contributing to energy conservation and smarter grid utilization.

Keyword - IoT, Smart Energy Meter, ESP32, GSM Communication, Wireless Monitoring, Energy Consumption, Cloud Platform, Real-Time Monitoring, Threshold Alert, Theft Detection Control .