The twenty-first century has witnessed unprecedented transformations in political systems driven by globalization, digital technologies, artificial intelligence (AI), climate change, transnational governance, cyber insecurity, and increasing geopolitical complexity. Conventional political theories such as Realism, Liberalism, Constructivism, and Institutionalism continue to provide valuable insights but often examine political phenomena through relatively specialized analytical lenses. Consequently, they face growing challenges in explaining the adaptive, interconnected, and nonlinear characteristics of contemporary governance.

This article introduces Neo-Political Physics (NPP) as an interdisciplinary conceptual framework that integrates Political Science with Complexity Science, Systems Theory, Network Science, Cybernetics, and Governance Studies. Rather than asserting that political systems literally follow the laws of physics, the framework employs carefully constructed analogies as heuristic devices for analysing political interaction, institutional adaptation, resilience, legitimacy, and global governance. The study adopts a qualitative theory-building methodology based on systematic conceptual analysis and interdisciplinary synthesis. It proposes original concepts including Political Gravity, Political Energy, Political Entropy, Political Momentum, Political Resonance, Political Adaptation, Political Equilibrium, and Political Resilience as analytical tools for understanding modern political dynamics.

 

The article argues that Neo-Political Physics complements existing political theories by offering an integrated framework capable of explaining increasingly complex governance systems. It further discusses the framework's theoretical contributions, policy relevance, methodological implications, and future directions for empirical validation.