With the increasing use of electric vehicles (EVs) and smart grids, there has been a corresponding rise in the need for effective vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology which allows energy flow from/to the batteries of the vehicles to/from the grid. In such scenarios, it becomes necessary to implement a bidirectional DC-DC converter to efficiently control the power flow through charging (G2V) and discharging (V2G). However, using traditional proportional integral (PI) control in such cases proves to be inefficient due to dynamic operating conditions.

In this paper, a bidirectional non-isolated buck-boost DC-DC converter with a Model Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC)-based current control is presented in order to improve system performance. The system is simulated using MATLAB/Simulink for G2V and V2G modes. A comparison study between PI and MRAC control schemes has been conducted using critical parameters of system performance.

The simulation results show that the adaptive control scheme has proven to be more efficient in improving the system response by lowering the settling time by about 30-40% while maintaining minimal overshoot (<5%). Furthermore, THD has been lowered to less than 3% and system efficiency has increased by 5-8%.

 Keywords— Bidirectional DC–DC Converter, Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G), Model Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC), Electric Vehicles, Adaptive Current Control, Power Electronics.